Infamy definition, extremely bad reputation, public reproach, or strong condemnation as the result of a shameful, criminal, or outrageous act: a time that will live in infamy. That changed on December 11, when Germany and Italy declared war on the United States, which quickly declared war on Germany and Italy.The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration But Roosevelt did. Rosenman, Sherwood, and Hopkins were usually involved in drafting major speeches, along with others in the government, depending on the subject. See more. Roosevelt updated the speech too, as reports of Japanese actions arrived at the White House, adding lines to note Japanese attacks on Guam and the Philippine Islands. Curiously, however, he did not make changes on draft two but went back to draft one and made corrections on it. The speech was given just one day after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, killing and injuring many Americans. 1 and the third draft have Roosevelt's handwriting all over them, but there are none of his marks on the second draft, which makes only one change from the first draft-that of the famous first sentence.Apparently Roosevelt took back his marked-up first draft and made more revisions, which became the third draft. Roosevelt apparently had left the copy on the lectern after he finished speaking to the joint session or handed it to a clerk. At some point, it was expanded to "With confidence in our armed forces-with the unbounding determination of our people-we will gain the inevitable triumph-so help us God." "There were other changes in that first draft also. Mr. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, members of the Senate and the House of Representatives: Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America This was the opening line of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Infamy Speech, which was given on December 8, 1941.

A search of his coat, and that of his son James, who had escorted his father, was made. Writes Halford R. Ryan: "It [a second draft] contains his emendations from draft one. Roosevelt's speech amounted to a call to arms for a national audience that would suddenly need to shift to a war footing that meant wage and price controls; shortages of food, fuel, and other strategic materials; and, of course, the induction into the armed forces of their sons, husbands, fathers, and sweethearts.The next day, at 12:30 P.M., in the House of Representatives, Roosevelt delivered his six-minute address to a joint session of Congress and a nationwide radio audience. One of them qualifies the sentence "In addition American ships have been torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu." Historians now know that the Japanese had considered a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor for many years.Drafts No. I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.Hostilities exist. President Roosevelt delivers the "Day of Infamy" speech to a joint session of Congress on December 8, 1941. In addition American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.

He had gone over every point, every word, time and again. Roosevelt used the term "reported torpedoed. Across the nation, news of the attack spread by radio and word of mouth, and Americans began thinking about what life in a nation at war was going to be like.Roosevelt decided to go before Congress the next day to report on the attack and ask for a declaration of war. "Yesterday, December 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that Nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its Government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. Usually, a speech took from three to ten days to prepare, far longer than the December 8 speech.

He changed that to "many days or even weeks ago."

"It was just the kind of unexpected thing the Japanese would do. President Franklin D. Roosevelt Dec. 8, 1941, following the Pearl Harbor attacks in Hawaii.

He had studied, reviewed, and read aloud each draft, and had changed it again and again, either in his own handwriting, by dictating inserts, or making deletions. In other revisions, the President added further sentences to note Japanese attacks on Hong Kong, Malaya, Wake Island, and Midway Island.Two of Roosevelt's speechwriters, Samuel I. Rosenman and Robert Sherwood, were in New York City on December 7 and did not participate in drafting the speech; the President handled this one mostly by himself. Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American Island of Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. However, Hopkins had a few minor word changes and one significant addition (which he labeled "Deity")-the next to the last paragraph, which read: "With confidence in our armed forces, with faith in our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph so help us God." Because of the many hours he spent in its preparation, by the time he delivered a speech he knew it almost by heart." In 1984, an archivist at the National Archives and Records Administration discovered the copy in the records of the Senate, which had been sent to the National Archives Building. At the very time they were discussing peace in the Pacific, they were plotting to overthrow it," he said. But it was to become one of the most famous speeches of the twentieth century, giving birth to one of the most famous phrases of the century.

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